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Considerable evidence suggests that the nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling pathway plays an important role in the expression of reproductive behavior and in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release from the hypothalamus The effects of the NO/cGMP pathway on GnRH release and gene expression have also been examined in GT1 cells. However, it is still controversial whether NO/cGMP signaling facilitates...
The enzyme-to-enzyme channeling of metabolic intermediates is not an uncommon process. The present review draws attention to recent experimental work documenting, in rat pancreatic islets, the enzyme-to-enzyme channeling of α-d-glucose 6-phosphate between hexokinase isoenzyme(s), mainly glucokinase, and phosphoglucoisomerase. Likewise, the possible enzyme-to-enzyme channeling of β-d-fructose 6-phosphate...
Neonatal treatment of rats with monosodium l-glutamate, which destroys hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neuronal bodies, induces several metabolic abnormalities; as a result, rats develop a phenotype of pseudoobesity. This study was designed to explore, in the monosodium l-glutamate-treated female rat, the influence of chronic hyperleptinemia on adrenal cortex functionality. For this purpose, we evaluated...
Mesenteric arteries (230–290 µm) were isolated from virgin female rats at diestrous and proestrous phases of the estrous cycle and from ovariectomized (OVX) rats with or without estrogen (E2) replacement (17β-estradiol, 7.5 + 5 mg pellets, 21 d release). Arteries were mounted in a pressurized myograph system. Angiotensin-(1–7) [Ang-(1–7)] concentration-dependent responses (10−10–10−5M) were determined...
Sex differences in cardiac function have been identified. Studies suggest that the presence of testosterone in males may contribute to the observed differences in cardiac function. Our laboratory has shown previously that testosterone treatment of gonadectomized adult male rats enhances contractility of isolated rat ventricular myocytes. In this study we tested the hypothesis that gonadectomy and...
The objectives of the present study were to induce superovulation in adult mice by immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin and to investigate embryo development in vivo and in vitro. Adult female mice of the ddY strain at 3 mo of age were superovulated with a single ip injection of inhibin antiserum (inhibin-AS; 50, 100, or 200 µL) at 12:00 h on metestrus of the 4-d estrous cycle. The control group...
We initiated the present work to determine whether the presence of the HFE C282Y or H63D mutations could be related to the clinical expression of diabetes mellitus type 2. Two hundred and twenty five type 2 consecutive diabetic patients were included and the HFE genotypes were determined. Younger ages of onset of diabetes as well as a longer duration of the disease were detected in patients carrying...
The aim of our study was to compare serum concentration of leptin and pituitary-thyroid axis hormones in obese/overweight women before and after two levels of energy deficit with those parameters in lean women on adequate energy intake. Additionally, we attempted to elucidate if the effect of weight reduction could be related to anthropometric and hormonal parameters before treatment. Anthropometric...
We have studied the effects of heparin on prolactin accumulation in the medium from primary pituitary cultures, and whether heparin interferes with the effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) on PRL regulation in vitro. In the absence of exogenous FGF-2, heparin increased prolactin accumulation in the culture medium in a dose-dependent manner. FGF-2 also increased the prolactin levels of primary...
Serotonin plays a hormonal function in several nonneuronal peripheral tissues, such as the ovaries. Our aim was to investigate whether there is a modulatory action of serotonin on gonadotropin-induced steroid secretion of human granulosa cells. In granulosa cell culture, serotonin was administered alone or in combination with luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Also, granulosa...
Pituitary tumors are highly vascular neoplasms, which suggest an important role of angiogenesis in pituitary tumor growth. We used the human pituitary cell line (HP75) to examine the effects of the growth factors TGFβ1, bFGF, and EGF on cell growth, and on the regulation of the pro-angiogenic growth factor VEGF-A and the VEGFR-I and the anti-angiogenic molecules thrombospondin (TSP) TSP-1 and TSP-2...
We investigated the in vivo effect of atorvastatin on bone mineral density (BMD) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Eight-week-old female rats underwent either a sham operation or ovariectomy, and treatments with vehicle, atorvastatin, 17β-estradiol (E2) and human parathyroid hormone(1–34) [hPTH(1–34)] were initiated 6 wk after the surgery. E2 (10 µg/kg) treatment for 12 wk significantly increased lumbar...
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